In this lesson, you will read how the elderly couple Baucis and Philemon welcome disguised gods into their humble home. You'll explore Ovid's poetic techniques and understand how this story illustrates Roman values.
The Story So Far
Jupiter and Mercury have disguised themselves as mortal travellers to test human hospitality. They've knocked on a thousand doors, but every household has turned them away. Finally, they arrive at the tiny cottage of Baucis and Philemon, an elderly couple who, despite their poverty, welcome the strangers warmly.
Why This Passage Matters
This is one of Ovid's most charming stories, showing that virtue and kindness matter more than wealth. The detailed description of domestic life gives us a vivid picture of how ordinary Romans lived.
Latin Text (Lines 12-25)
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Lines 12-16: The Gods Enter
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Lines 17-21: Baucis Revives the Fire
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Lines 22-25: Preparing the Meal
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What's Happening in This Passage?
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Baucis & Philemon
Elderly, poor, but pious
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Gods Arrive
Jupiter & Mercury in disguise
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Humble Feast
Giving everything they have
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Roman Hospitality (hospitalitas)
Romans took hospitality incredibly seriously. Turning away a stranger was shameful - you never knew if they might be a god in disguise! This story reinforces that sacred duty.
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The Sacred Hearth
The hearth fire was central to Roman homes and sacred to Vesta, goddess of the hearth. Baucis reviving yesterday's fire shows daily domestic ritual and care.
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Poverty vs Generosity
Every detail emphasises their poverty: parvos penates (small home), humiles postes (low doorway), textum rude (rough cloth), parvo aeno (small pot), exiguam partem (tiny portion).
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True Virtue
Ovid shows that real virtue isn't about wealth. Despite having nothing, Baucis and Philemon give everything. Their pietas (piety) is worth more than gold.
⭐ The Moral of the Story ⭐
When the gods reveal themselves, they destroy the inhospitable town with a flood but save Baucis and Philemon. The couple's humble cottage becomes a temple, and they're granted their wish: to die together. They transform into intertwined trees - an olive and a linden - forever united. Kindness matters more than wealth.